Acute Diarrhea
Diarrhea |
1.
Inflammatory or bloody diarrhea:
Inflammatory
diarrhea suggests the involvement of the large intestine by invasive bacteria or
parasites or toxins. Clinically patient presents with frequent bloody, small-volume
stools, often associated with fever, abdominal cramps, tenesmus, and fecal
urgency.
Food poisoning: The disease caused by toxins present
in taking food is called food poisoning.
Causes:
a. In a short incubation period (1-6 hours), the toxin is present
in the contaminated food. The major complaint is vomit and fever can be absent.
The toxin can be present in the food.
b-
In a longer incubation period (6-16 hours) the germ
(clostridium perfringens) can be detected in the food through Lab reports.
Vomiting is less but abdominal cramps due to intestinal spasms are frequent.
Fever can be absent.
Causes of
Inflammatory or bloody diarrhea |
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Viral |
Bacterial |
Protozoa |
Enterotoxin |
-Rotavirus -Norwalk virus |
-clostridium perfringens -Bacillus cereus -S. aureus |
-Giardia -Cryptosporidium |
-Enterotoxigenic -E. coli -Vibrio cholerae |
Division as the severity of disease |
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Mild Diarrhea |
Moderate Diarrhea |
Severe Diarrhea |
Two or three loose stools per day
with cramps in some cases. |
Three or four stools per day with
dehydration and fever. |
Five or more stool, fatty stool with
symptoms of mild fever and severe dehydration. |
2.
Non- Inflammatory diarrhea:
This
type of diarrhea is commonly a milder disease characteristic of the virus. The disease
affects the small intestine, and water and salt are imbalanced. Severe dehydration
with vomiting and abdominal cramps is the major complaints. Fever can be also
absent.
Causes of Non Inflammatory diarrhea |
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Viral |
Bacterial |
Protozoa |
Enterotoxin |
-Cytomegalovirus |
-
-Cytotoxin Production -
- shigella -
-salmonella -
-campylobacter -
-yersinia -
-chlamydia -
-N. gonorrhea -
- Listeria monocytogenes |
-Entameba histolytic |
- |
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